Heating Effect
Moving charges collide with the atoms of the conductor resulting in an increase in the internal resistance of the conductor in the form of heat.
Factors affecting the amount of heat produced
The resistance (The greater the resistance the greater the heat produced)
The strength of the current
The length of time
Calculations of heat produced
Since W=QV and Q=It : heat produced W=IVt
Since V=IR : W=I
2
Rt
Since I = V/R : W =
V
2
t
R
Everyday uses of the heating effect
Heating elements (e.g. Toasters, kettles, light bulbs (tungsten))
The elements should have the following properties
high resistance
high melting point
not react to oxygen easily
Fuses – as safety precautions
They should have the following properties
low resistance
low melting points